In the 20th century, alternatives to water power were developed, and it became more profitable for companies to manufacture textiles in southern states where cotton was grown and winters did not require significant heating costs. The region became a manufacturing powerhouse along rivers like the Housatonic, Quinebaug, Shetucket, Blackstone, Merrimack, Nashua, Cocheco, Saco, Androscoggin, Kennebec or Winooski. Mill towns, sometimes planned, built and owned as a company town, grew in the shadow of the industries. The Androscoggin River at Berlin, New Hampshireīeginning with Samuel Slater and technological information smuggled out of England by Francis Cabot Lowell, large mills were established in New England in the early to mid 19th century. Here and there the height of the latter may differ by a few rounds of brick, but in all essential respects, a description of one is a description of all. In fact, the social condition of the different town populations is almost as much alike as the material appearance of the tall chimneys under which they live. In general, these towns wear a monotonous sameness of aspect, physical and moral. On his tour of northern England in 1849, Scottish publisher Angus Reach said: Spindleage of some large mill towns in and around Greater Manchester between 18 For example, mining was a key industry in Wigan and Leigh in Greater Manchester, and in Ossett in Yorkshire. The list above includes some towns where textiles was not the predominant industry. Ossett School).Īshton-under-Lyne, Bolton, Bury, Chadderton, Failsworth, Heywood, Hyde, Lees, Leigh, Manchester, Middleton, Oldham, Radcliffe, Ramsbottom, Reddish, Rochdale, Royton, Shaw and Crompton, Stalybridge, Stockport, WiganĪccrington, Bacup, Barnoldswick, Blackburn, Burnley, Calder Vale, Chorley, Colne, Darwen, Nelson, Oakenclough, Padiham, Preston for others see table below.īatley, Bingley, Bradford, Brighouse, Cleckheaton, Dewsbury, Elland, Halifax, Hebden Bridge, Heckmondwike, Holmfirth, Huddersfield, Keighley, Morley, Mytholmroyd, Ossett, Pudsey, Shipley, Skipton, Sowerby Bridge, Todmorden, Yeadon
Colne ) or have a symbol in the badge of local schools (e.g. Some towns may have statues dedicated to textile workers (e.g. Some former mill towns have a symbol of the textile industry in their town badge. In the United Kingdom, the term "mill town" usually refers to the 19th century textile manufacturing towns of northern England and the Scottish Lowlands, particularly those in Lancashire (cotton) and Yorkshire ( wool).
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